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着眼战略全局提振发展信心——论贯彻落实中央经济工作会议精神******

　　经济发展离不开信心的支撑。非常时期，信心比黄金更重要。

　　“要从战略全局出发，从改善社会心理预期、提振发展信心入手，纲举目张做好工作。”中央经济工作会议把信心放在战略全局的出发点、经济工作的切入点，直面经济领域重大热点问题，如增加收入扩大消费、国企民企平等对待、房地产市场平稳发展、支持平台企业大显身手、营造一流营商环境等作出明确回应和具体部署，体现了强烈的问题意识和鲜明的问题导向,也对提振市场信心、稳定发展预期发挥了“定心丸”作用。

　　今年以来，需求收缩、供给冲击、预期转弱三重压力持续显现，疫情等超预期突发因素带来严重冲击，中国经济处于艰难时刻。进一步提振发展信心，最重要的就是千方百计改善预期，着力夯实信心根基。通过顶层设计释放积极政策信号，才能在充满不确定性的环境中提供尽可能多的确定性，使广大市场主体更好规划行动路线，以市场活力的强劲复苏、内需潜力的强大释放，为经济回升向好提供最澎湃的动力、最坚实的支撑。这也是“纲举目张”透出的深意所在。

　　信心，源自经济基本面长期向好的科学判断。历经新时代以来的10年奋斗，我国经济发展达到新高度：2021年经济总量达114.4万亿元，占全球经济的比重上升到18%以上；人均国内生产总值提升到1.25万美元，接近高收入国家门槛；在全球创新指数排名中位列第11，已进入创新型国家行列，一大批重大标志性创新成果引领制造业攀上新高度……对这样体量壮观的经济巨轮，疫情等突发事件的影响都将是阶段性的、短期的、外在的，无论外部如何“千磨万击”，都不会改变既定的目标和航程。

　　信心，源自稳中求进、全力拼经济的上下一心。为了“把失去的三年抢回来”，近日，多地政府牵头组团、出国“抢单”的消息冲上热搜，激发了全社会复工复产的热情和信心。“政府搭台，企业唱戏”，越是在不确定性和风险挑战较大的时期，越是需要实打实的政策支持，需要地方政府主动作为的服务精神。不少企业的“抢单”成绩，也为整个上下游产业链、供应链注入新的活力。实践证明，以稳应变、以进固稳，上下一心、真抓实干，激发全社会干事创业活力，让干部敢为、地方敢闯、企业敢干、群众敢首创，必将汇聚起最强劲的发展动力，促进经济高质量发展。

　　历史地看，几十年来，中国经济一次次履险如夷、化危为机，也证明危机之中确实蕴含新的重大机遇。坚定信心、因势利导，就能变压力为动力、化挑战为机遇。这是一条成功的实践经验，也是历史交予我们的重大考验。时势在我！抛却疫情的阴霾，在大有可为的重要战略机遇期里大有作为，我们将继续创造新时代的气象万千！（经济日报评论员）

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中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.